

What is a Gnawa Lila?
The traditional context of gnawa music is in an all night ritual called a Lila. The ritual usually starts with an animal
sacrifice and is then followed by the opening (aada) with high energy drumming on the tbel, playing of the
qraqebs (iron castanets), and dancing that marks the home of the Lila a sacred space.
There are seven sections of a Lila that are associated with different mluk (spirits), colors, and incense.
When a melk (spirit) is invoked by the Maalem (Master) with his sintir, the Gnawa play the spirit's corresponding songs and invocations while burning its scent. These mluk are invoked in a specific order that is unique to different
Gnawa communities. Participants often enter a state of trance (jedba) during a Lila in which they may perform startling and at times spectacular dances. During this dance, the person in trance negotiates his or her relationship to
the mluk in the aim of balancing spiritual forces in the body.
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The general order for songs in a Lila is as follows but may differ depending on the traditions of the city from where the Maalem hails:
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I. AADA (Musical Procession)
II. WLAD BAMBARA (Children of Bambara)
III. FTOUH RAHBA (Opening Ritual) / WHITE
IV. KOUHAL (Sadness) / BLACK
V. SIDI MOUSSA (Moses) / BLUE
VI. L'HOUMAR (Blood) / RED
VII. CHORFA (The Saints) / GREEN
VIII. BOUHALA/BOUDERBALA (The Wise Man) / MULTICOLOR
IX. WLAD L'GHABA (Children of the Forest) / BLACK
X. LAAYALATES (The Women) / DIFFERENT COLORS FOR EACH SPIRIT
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